NO | TENSES | FORMULATION | DIFINITION | TIME SIGNAL | |
ACTIVE | PASSIVE | ||||
1. | PRESENT TENSES · Simple present tense | S + V1 + (C + O) Example : 1. My father reads the magazine every morning 2. Our family visit grandparent every year 3. I learn integrated English every Friday 4. The lecturer teach the students everyday 5. We use a fresh air to breath every time | S + is/am/are + V3 (by S) Example : 1. The magazines are read by my father every morning 2. Grandparent are visited by our family every year 3. Integrated English is learned by me every Friday 4. The students are taught by the lecturer everyday 5. A fresh air is used by us to breathe every time | Ø To express habitual action Ø To express general truth Ø To refer to a schedule or fixed future event Ø To exclamatory sentences beginning with here and there Ø To express what is actually taking place in the present Ø In vivid narrative, as a substitute for the simple past Ø To indicated a future event that is part of a plant or arrangement Ø To introduce quotations | Ø Everyday/ week/ moth/ year Ø Sometimes Ø Always Ø Usually Ø Often Ø Seldom Ø Never Ø Ever Ø Generally Ø In the morning/ afternoon/ evening Ø Once a week and month Ø Twice a day |
NO | TENSES | FORMULATION | DIFINITION | TIME SIGNAL | |
ACTIVE | PASSIVE | ||||
· Present continuous tense | S + is/am/are + V ing + (C + O) Example : 1. My father is reading the newspapers 2. You are sitting on my chair 3. She is cooking rice now 4. A teacher is teaching math in the classroom 5. I am reading a novel now | S + is/am/are + V3 (by S) Example :
| Ø To indicate an action that is in progress Ø To describe something happening about this time Ø For an action going on at time at speaking Ø For temporary action which may not be actually happening at the time of speaking Ø For an action that is planned or arranged to take place in the near future | Ø At present Ø Now Ø At this moment Ø Tonight Ø Today | |
· Present perfect tense | S + has/have + V3 + (C + O) Example : 1. He has seen that picture at the cinema 2. They have given me lessons for a year 3. I have written this word on the blackboard 4. The boss has finished the meeting just now 5. She has given my doll already | S + has/have + been + V3 (by S) Example : 1. That picture has been seen by him at the cinema 2. The lessons have been given to me by them for a year 3. This word have been written by me on the blackboard 4. The meeting has been finished by the boss just now 5. My doll has been given by her already | Ø To talk about situation that started in the past and continuous in the present Ø To talk about past event that have a result in the present Ø To indicate completed activities in the immediate past Ø To express past actions whole time is not given and not definite Ø To describe past event when we think more of their effect in the present than of the actions it self | Ø Since Ø Already Ø Ever Ø For Ø Not yet Ø Never Ø Just now | |
NO | TENSES | FORMULATION | DIFINITION | TIME SIGNAL | |
ACTIVE | PASSIVE | ||||
Ø To detonate an action beginning at some time in the past & continuo using up to the present moment | |||||
· Present perfect continuous tense | S + has/have + been + V ing + (C + O) Example : 1. You have been studying English for an hour 2. She has been visiting him every Saturday 3. He has been watching the TV every night for a long time 4. I have been learning English in my course for a year 5. The girl has been finding love for 30 days | S + has/have + been + being + V3 (by S) Example : 1. English has been being studied by you for an hour 2. He has been being visited by her every Saturday 3. The TV has been being watched by him every night for a long time 4. English has been being learned by me in my course for a year 5. Love has been being found by the girl | Ø To talk about an action that occurred in the past and still in progress Ø It’s used for an action which began at some time in the past and is still continuing Ø It’s used for an action already finished | Ø Since Ø For | |
NO | TENSES | FORMULATION | DIFINITION | TIME SIGNAL | |
ACTIVE | PASSIVE | ||||
2. | PAST TENSE · Simple past tense | S + V2 + (C + O) Example : 1. I began the lesson just now 2. My little brother did a home work last night 3. The girl found love for 30 days ago 4. Earthquake destroyed Bengkulu a moment ago 5. A servant cleaned the garden yesterday | S + was/were + V3 (by S) Example : 1. The lessons was begun by me just now 2. A home work done by my little brother last night 3. Love was found by the girl for 30 days ago 4. Bengkulu was destroyed by earthquake a moment ago 5. The garden was cleaned by a servant yesterday | Ø To express a completed action in the past Ø To refer to repeated past event Ø To express to states that we consider to be finished Ø To express habitual action in the past | Ø Yesterday Ø Last Ø Ago Ø Just now Ø In 1987 Ø A moment ago Ø This morning Ø The day before yesterday |
· Past continuous tense | S + was/were + V ing + (C + O) Example : 1. She was singing a song at this time last Sunday 2. All audiences were enjoying the party at the last celebration 3. They were finishing the discussion yesterday 4. Mother was roasting beef now a day 5. We were celebrating a wedding party at this time last year | S + was/were+ being + V3 (by S) Example : 1. A song being sung by her at this time last Sunday 2. The party was being enjoyed by all audiences at the last celebration 3. The discussion was being finished by them yesterday 4. Beef was being roasted by mother now a day 5. A wedding party was being celebrated by us at this time last year | Ø To express an unfinished action that is in progress at a certain moment in the past Ø To refer to a past action that is interrupted by another action Ø To describe scenes in the past Ø To describe scenes in the past | Ø Since Ø For Ø Already Ø Now a days Ø At this time …. Ø At this time last…… Ø By this time last…… Ø Last night Ø Yesterday | |
NO | TENSES | FORMULATION | DIFINITION | TIME SIGNAL | |
ACTIVE | PASSIVE | ||||
· Past perfect tense | S + had+ V3 + (C + O) Example : 1. The teacher had taught the student 2. You had sat on my chair 3. I had studied English before left Indonesia 4. The umpire had started the football match before I come 5. The government had launched a new regulation last month | S + had + been + V3 (by S) Example : 1. The student had been taught by the teacher 2. My chair had sat by you 3. English had been studied by me before I left Indonesia 4. The football match had been started by the umpire before I came 5. A new regulation had been launched by the government last month | Ø To express an action that happened in the past before another action Ø It’s use if two actions happened in the past Ø Describes an action completed before a certain moment in the past Ø It’s mainly used in such situation | Ø Before…… Ø After Ø Already Ø As soon as Ø By … last… | |
· Past perfect continuous tense | S + had + been + V ing + (C + O) Example : 1. Teacher had been teaching the students 2. When Musa came, Andi had been paling computer for 20 minutes 3. Before she entered the examinations, she had been studying the material very hard for a month | S + had + been + being + V3 (by S) Example : 1. The students had been being taught by teacher 2. When Musa came, computer had been being played by Andi for 20 minutes 3. Before she entered the examinations, the material had been being studied by her very hard for a month | Ø To indicate an action or an event that had been happening in the past Ø For used an action that began before an certain paint in the past and continued up to that time | Ø ….after… Ø For … Ø Before | |
NO | TENSES | FORMULATION | DIFINITION | TIME SIGNAL | |
ACTIVE | PASSIVE | ||||
4. Before their father called them, they had been playing football in the garden the whole morning 5. When he arrived at the station, he had been waiting me for half an hour | 4. Before their father called them, football had been being played in the garden the whole morning 5. When he arrived at the station, I had been being waited by him for an hour | ||||
3. | FUTURE TENSE · Simple future tense | S + shall/will + V1 + (C + O) Example : 1. My boyfriend will marry me next two years 2. I will write a sentence as good as possible 3. We will spend a long vacation in the end of the year 4. He will received her invitation tomorrow 5. Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono will give us a new policy | S + shall/will + be + V3 (by S) Example : 1. I will be married by my boyfriend next two years 2. A sentences will be written by me as good as possible 3. A long vacation will be spent by us in the end of the year 4. Her invitation will be received by him tomorrow 5. We will be given a new policy by Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono | Ø To express about action that will happen in the future Ø To express an action that we have already decide to do something before (to express a certain action) | Ø Tomorrow Ø Next week Ø The day after tomorrow Ø Two more days Ø Later Ø Soon Ø Next week month year Ø In a little while |
NO | TENSES | FORMULATION | DIFINITION | TIME SIGNAL | |
ACTIVE | PASSIVE | ||||
· Future continuous tense | S + shall/will + be + V ing + (C + O) Example : 1. We will be missing our old friends 2. Harun will be visiting me soon 3. Mahmud will be watching TV at eight tonight 4. I will be teaching English tomorrow morning 5. She will be joining debating contest next week | S + shall/will + be + being + V3 (by S) Example : 1. Our old friend will be being missed by us 2. I will be being visited by Harun soon 3. TV will be being watched by Mahmud at eight tonight 4. English will be being watched by me tomorrow morning 5. Debating contest will be being joined by her next week | Ø To indicate an action that will be happening in the future Ø Represent an action as going on at some time in the future time Ø For future wants that are planned | Ø By this time tomorrow Ø By this time next week Ø All day tomorrow | |
· Future perfect tense | S + shall/will +have + V3 + (C + O) Example : 1. Jack will have met my loyal friend by next week 2. Sholeh will have written all the letters by the end of next month 3. My mother will have cooked the dinner when my friend comes tonight | S + shall/will + have + been + V 3 + (by S) Example : 1. My loyal friend will have been met by Jack by next week 2. All the letters will have been written by Sholeh by the end of next month 3. The dinner will have been cooked by my mother when my father comes tonight | Ø To express an action that will have been finished in the future Ø To indicate the completion of an action by certain future | Ø Next month Ø By the end of this week | |
NO | TENSES | FORMULATION | DIFINITION | TIME SIGNAL | |
ACTIVE | PASSIVE | ||||
4. He will have left home town before we arrive there 5. The teacher will have started the lesson by the time you get there | 4. Home town will have been left by him before we arrive there 5. The lesson will have been started by the teacher by the time you get there | ||||
· Future perfect continuous tense | S + shall/will + have + been + V ing + (C + O) Example : 1. By next January, I will have been teaching English for 2 years 2. Tomorrow my uncle will have been building a garage for 2 days 3. By the time you come tomorrow, we will have been repairing our house 4. When you arrive tonight, I will have been studying English for 3 months 5. By next time tomorrow, they will have been playing football for 2 hours | S + shall/will + have + been + being + V 3 + (by S) Example : 1. By next tomorrow, English will have been being taught by me for 2 years 2. Tomorrow, a garage will have been being built by my uncle for 2 days 3. By the time you come tomorrow, our house will have been being repaired by us 4. When you arrive tonight, football will have been being played by them for 2 hours 5. By next time tomorrow, football will have been being played by them for 2 hours | Ø To express an action that will have been doing in the future Ø To indicate the action to presented as being in progress over a period of time that will end the future | Ø By the end of …….. Ø For … years Ø By next month Ø By seven o’clock | |
NO | TENSES | FORMULATION | DIFINITION | TIME SIGNAL | |
ACTIVE | PASSIVE | ||||
· Future past tense | S + should/would + V1 + (C + O) Example : 1. She would visit me yesterday, but unfortunately she fell sick 2. I should go movie last night, but the electricity was off 3. They would sell their product the 2 weeks before 4. A teacher would be teach English the day before 5. We would launch the book the week before | S + should/would + be + V3 + (by S) Example : 1. I would be visited by her, but unfortunately she fell sick 2. Movie should be gone by me last night, but the electricity was off 3. Their product would be sold the 2 weeks before 4. English would be taught by a teacher the day before 5. The book would be launched by us the week before | Ø To express an action that will be done in one time in the past Ø To indicate the action to presented as being in progress over a period of time that will end the future | Ø The day before Ø The week before Ø Yesterday | |
· Future past continuous tense | S + should/would + be + V ing + (C + O) Example : 1. She would be visiting me at this morning 2. They would be selling their product at this week 3. We would be launching the book at this month 4. A teacher would be teaching English at 7 last morning | S + should/would + be + being + V3 + (by S) Example : 1. I would be being visited by her at this morning 2. their product would be being sold at this week 3. The book would be being launched by us at this month 4. English would be being taught by a teacher at 7 last morning | Ø To indicate an action that will being done in the past | Ø In … last years Ø On … last week Ø At … this morning Ø This noon | |
NO | TENSES | FORMULATION | DIFINITION | TIME SIGNAL | |
ACTIVE | PASSIVE | ||||
5. I would be signing the contract at 9 this morning | 5. The contract would be being signed by me at 9 this morning | ||||
· Future past perfect tense | S + Should/Would + Have + V3 + (C + O) Example : 1. She would has visited me yesterday 2. We would have launched the book last month 3. They would have sold their product last week 4. A teacher would have taught English last morning 5. I would have signed the contract yesterday | S + should/would + have + been + V3 + (by S) Example : 1. I would have been visited by her yesterday 2. The book would has been launched by us last month 3. Their product would have been sold by them last week 4. English would has been taught by a teacher last morning 5. The contract would has been signed by me yesterday | Ø To express a condition in the past | Ø If …. Ø Yesterday Ø Last …. | |
NO | TENSES | FORMULATION | DIFINITION | TIME SIGNAL | |
ACTIVE | PASSIVE | ||||
· Future past perfect continuous tense | S + should/would + have + been + V ing + (C + O) Example : 1. I should have been building my house for a year 2. A teacher should have been teaching English for 2 years 3. I should have been studying English for 3 months, last month 4. She would have been selling her car for 2 days last week 5. My father would have been working my grandfather company for 3 years | S + should/would + have + been + being + V3 + (by S) Example : 1. My house have been being built by me a year 2. English should have been being taught by a teacher for 2 years 3. English should have been being studied by me for 3 months, last month 4. Her car would have been being sold by her for 2 days last week 5. my grandfather company would have been being worked by my father for 3 years | Ø To express an action that should have been happening in the past | Ø For a week last years Ø By … Last years Ø Yesterday | |
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